Research Evidence
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MS Society campaign for FES (May 2022)
This document contains a comprehensive summary of the evidence for FES for people who have MS. The document also contains feedback from FES users. -
New evidence for the cost effectiveness of FES
Two recent papers on the cost effectiveness of ODFS Pace. Linda Renfrew’s paper reports on a randomised controlled trial that was funded by the MS Society and took place in Scotland. Flora Jukes study is a case series of patients receiving ... -
STEPS Study Presentation
A presentation delivereed by Dr Paul Taylor on the STEPS study which was a feasibility study looking at the effectivenes of peroneal nerve functional electrical stimulation for the reduction of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s Disease. This was a two site study. -
Ultrasound Guided Shoulder Rehabilitaion Programme in People with Stroke
An informative presentation on the use of ultra sound to help infom the rehabilitation programme for shoulder problems post stroke. -
STEPS Study – FES User Day 8.12.2017
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The FES-UPP project
FES Userday April 2017 The FES-UPP project is developing a new FES system that uses multi-channel FES to enable mass practice of functional tasks. -
Comparison of AFO and FES for correction of dropped foot
Comparison of AFO and FES for correction of dropped foot. -
STEPS Participant Information
The STEPS Study STEPS is an RfPB funded study to investigate the use of FES to improve the mobility of people who have Parkinson’s Disease. The 25 month study begins May 2016 and is taking place in Salisbury District Hospital ... -
In Touch Article May 2015
New evidence for the use of technology to improve walking in Multiple Sclerosis and Stroke The Department of Clinical Science and Engineering at Salisbury District Hospital has published the largest case series to date of people who have Multiple Sclerosis (... -
Functional Electrical Stimulation to Elicit the Flexor Withdrawal Response in Gait
Kelly Robinson, from Burwood Spinal Unit in Christchurch New Zealand, presents a poster on the use of functional electrical stimulation to elicit the flexor withdrawal response to create or assist swing phase of gait in people with spinal cord injury. Click here to read ... -
Study summary – Use of FES and AFO’s with peristent foot drop in MS
This provides information on the study being planned in Scotland looking at the use of FES and AFO’s in individuals with persistent footdrop due to MS. -
Study flyer – use of FES and AFO’s with persistent foot drop in MS
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The practical clinical use of Functional Electrical stimulation in the treatment of people with multiple sclerosis (Journal abstract)
Data from a large audit study completed at OML on the use of FES in individuals with MS was presented at the RIMS Annual Conference in Brighton on 6th and 7th June 2014. The findings show ... -
A comparison of external and implanted FES for the correction of dropped foot in MS
This presentation gave an overview of the process involved in the impanted FES system STIMuSTEP and provided audit data on its use in MS. This was presented at the FES User Day in Sheffield on 26th June 2014 -
A home based trial of the Sheffstim electrode array stimulator with automated set-up to assist foot-drop
This presentation provided information on the Sheffstim device and its use unsupervised use in the home environment. It also looked at its effectiveness at correcting drop foot compared to other FES devices available on the market. This was presented at the FES ... -
Large Scale Clinical Audit of Functional Walking Category and Associated Clinically Meaningful Changes for People with MS and Stroke
This presentation delivered the findings from a large audit looking at the effectiveness of lower limb FES on walking speed and walking category in those with Stroke and MS. This was presented at the FES User Day in Sheffield on the 26th June 2014. -
FES User Day Abstracts February 22nd 2013
Abstracts presented at the FES User Day Friday 22nd February 2013 -
FES User Day Summary February 22nd 2013
A Summary of the Day’s Proceedings by Trainee Clinical Scientist Aggie Dimunge. -
The long-term cost-effectiveness of the use of functional electrical stimulation (Journal abstract)
This abstract is an audit of all FES users with drop foot who began using the ODFS in 1999. The results show how long people can benefit from FES and how much it costs. The study suggests that previous estimates of cost ... -
The effect of functional electrical stimulation and exercise on the quality of gait of people with secondary progressive MS (Conference abstract)
Abstract of a study examining the effect of FES for the correction of drop foot and hip instability, in combination with physiotherapy core stability exercises, on the gait of people who have MS. This study was presented at 3rd ... -
New FES publications Dec 2011
There have been two new journal articles published -
The Kinematic Effects of Common Peroneal Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in Chronic Stroke (CVA) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) using a 3-D Model of the Shoe
Measurements of foot inversion/eversion during gait are of particular interest in people using common peroneal Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). The aim of this project was to characterise gait kinematics with and without FES in 3... -
Feasibility of combining physiotherapy and electrical stimulation to improve gait in patients less than 6 months post stroke
This feasability study examined the combination of physiotherapy with FES in sub-acute stroke patients (less than 6-months post-CVA). Group A received physiotherapy only and group B received physiotherapy and FES treatment. This study demonstrated the feasibility of integrating FES into physiotherapy. FES ... -
Shefstim: A clinical trial of automated FES setup for drop foot using the Shefstim electrode array stimulator
While FES is an effective technique of correcting foot-drop for patients with upper motor neuron lesions, a significant minority of FES patients have difficulties finding sites for electrodes which provide an acceptable foot movement. A potential solution to this issue is the use ... -
Accelerometer-Triggered electrical stimulation for reach and grasp in chronic stroke patients: A pilot study (Journal abstract)
This paper describes the pilot study for the REAcH stimulator. 15 people who had chronic stroke used a two channel stimulator for hand opening and elbow extension triggered by movement of the arm. There was a significant improvement in hand function over the 12 ... -
The REAcH Project Participant Information
The Re-education of arm and Hand function (REAcH) study aims to investigate accelerometer-controlled electrical stimulation of the upper limb in stroke patients. This patient information document describes who was eligable to participate and what to expect from study. -
The cost-effectiveness of the ODFS and STIMuSTEP
This article revisits the original cost-effectiveness that was done for the DEC report and brings in other factors such as reduction of falls. The same analysis is also applied to the STIMuSTEP. The QALY analysis shows that the ODFS and STIMuSTEP (implanted ... -
The use of FES for the correction of drop foot in MS (Conference paper)
This article summarises early developments of using FES for the correction of drop foot in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis. It was presented at the RiMS meeting in Belgium in 2003. -
Neuroprosthesis for footdrop compared with an ankle-foot orthosis: effects on postural control during walking (Journal abstract)
A comparison of FES with AFO splints in 15 people who had had a stroke. After 8 weeks of use, there was an improvement in gait symmetry indicating that balance was improved more by FES than the AFO. This ... -
Gait in individuals with chronic hemiparesis: one-year follow-up of the effects of a neuroprosthesis that ameliorates foot drop (Journal abstract)
A 1 year follow up of 16 people who had a stroke and used FES to assist their walking. Improvements in walking speed were seen both with and without the device. The full article is published in Journal of Neurologic Physical ... -
Spatiotemporal and kinematic effect of peroneal nerve stimulation versus an ankle-foot orthosis in patients with multiple sclerosis: a case series (Journal abstract)
A comparison between ODFS use, AFO use and no intervention for 4 participants with MS. Participants were new to the ODFS. The study showed that ODFS users obtained greater dorsiflexion at heel strike. Other gait parameters were more variable. ... -
Recent findings regarding the efficacy of functional electrical stimulation in patients with chronic hemiplegia and multiple sclerosis: a narrative literature review (Journal abstract)
A review of research into the use of FES for correction of drop foot in MS patients. This literature review identifies that there are a number of benefits from FES in MS patients including gait parameters and acceptance of the device ... -
Long term therapeutic and orthotic effects of a foot drop stimulator on walking performance in progressive and nonprogressive neurological disorders (Journal abstract)
This paper presents case series data for FES users who had progressive (mostly MS) and none progressive (stroke and SCI) conditions resulting in drop foot. The study showed that both groups responded well with the device but the training effect seen in MS ... -
A literature review of the current use of electrical stimulation for lower limb treatment of children with cerebral palsy (Journal summary)
An abstract of a review paper on the application of ES in CP to asist walking and standing. Includes a useful reference list. The full article is published in Physiotherapy Ireland, 21(1): 25-28, 2000. -
A pilot study to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on recovery of hand function and sensation in subacute stroke patients (Journal abstract)
This pilot study compared cyclical electrical stimulation of the forearm and elbow extensors to passive stretching. It looked at the affect of these interventions on hand function and sensation in CVA patients. The full article is published in Neuromodulation 2005 ... -
A randomized trial to investigate the effects of functional electrical stimulation and therapeutic exercise on walking performance for people with multiple sclerosis (Journal abstract)
This abstract summarises the randomised trial of the ODFS in people who had secondary progressive MS. The control group received physiotherapy exercises. This quantatative study showed significant increases in walking speed and distance walked in 3 minutes when FES was ... -
Clinical experience of the neurocontrol Freehand neuro prosthesis for tetraplegic hand function (Journal article summary)
This paper gives some of the clinical results from the first 5 people to receive the Freehand system in Salisbury. The Freehand was an implanted device for the provision of hand function in tetraplegics. The device went out of production in around 2002. -
Clinical experience of the upper limb neurocontrol Freehand system (Conference abstract)
This paper describes the results of tetraplegic patients who used the implanted FES system, the “Freehand”. It outlines the changes in hand function and activities of daily living seen in users of the Freehand system. The device went out of production in ... -
User experiences, preferences and choices relating to functional electrical stimulation and ankle foot orthoses for foot-drop after stroke (Journal abstract)
This study reports a series of structured interviews with users of the ODFS who had a drop foot due to a CVA. It compares their preference for using the ODFS or AFO. In this qualitative research nearly all participants preferred ... -
Functional Electrical Stimulation in Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis (Conference publication)
This study measured the change in ankle stiffness and strength and their effects on foot clearance in people with FSP/HSP. The effect of FESon walking speed; efficiency and kinematics and its’ perceived effectiveness was explored. -
Electrical stimulation of abdominal muscles for control of blood pressure and assisted cough in a C4 level tetraplegic (Conference abstract)
This abstract describes the use of the O2CHII to stimulate the abdominal muscles to assist cough and control blood pressure in a high level tetraplegia. The technique lead to a reduced dependence of respiratory physiotherapy and suction. Improved blood pressure enabled ... -
Variation in system gain when using voluntary EMG to control electrical stimulation of the same muscle (Conference paper)
This abstract describes the modulation of EMG activity in the presence of electrical stimulation. The results indicate that a period of time after the pulse before a sample of EMG can be taken that is representative of voluntary effort varies with stimulation intensity.&... -
Can treatment with upper limb electrical stimulation be justified in the severely disabled acute stroke patient? (Conference publication)
Patients with no upper limb function post-stroke were treated with electrical stimulation over their wrist extensors for eight weeks in addition to their usual therapy. These patients were compared to a similar group of patients post-stroke who had their usual therapy only. ... -
FESrowing for persons with Spinal Cord Injury (Conference abstract)
This article discusses the health benefits of FESrowing and also looks at some of the pilot studies that have been carried out in this area. -
An investigation of the effect of functional electrical stimulation to assist the gait of children with cerebral palsy (Conference abstract)
This study looked at the use of electrical stimulation for ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. There is limited research of FES in paediatric patients but this paper investigates the use of FES in either the dorsiflexors (to correct toe walking) or plantarflexors (... -
Assessing FES-assisted walking in cerebral palsy children using a visual gait analysis scale (Conference publication)
This conference publication describes the use of the Edinburgh Visual Gait Analysis Interval Testing Scale as an outcome measure to assess gait in cerbral palsy patients who use FES. -
A comparison of electrical stimulation and the conventional ankle foot orthosis in the correction of a dropped foot following stroke (Conference publication)
This study compared the effect of using FES for dropped foot and push off with an AFO in sub acute stroke (less than 6 months post-CVA). Both groups significantly improved their walking ability but no significant difference was found between groups. &... -
Retrospective study of patients using Functional Electrical Stimulation for drop foot correction and increased hip stability (Conference publication)
This audit examined the effect of using FES for hip extension and drop foot correction in stroke and MS patients in Salisbury. The audit identified that patients who used a two channel FES stimulator found that the technique was ... -
Is efficiency of gait improved in stroke patients using a dropped foot stimulator? (Conference publication)
In this study a reduced spring like model of walking was used to demonstrate the effect of FES on gait efficiency. The acceleration profile of the centre of force trajectory (COF) was considered as a good quality estimator of the spring system. FES ... -
The Orthotic Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation on the Improvement of Walking in Stroke Patients with a Dropped Foot: A Systematic Review (Journal abstract)
This review article (published in 2004) looks at the evidence available for FES correction of dropped foot in stroke patients. Outcome measures of walking speed and effort (Physiological Cost Index) are included. The full article is published in Artif ... -
A pilot study to inform sample-size calculations for an investigation into the effects of Electrical Stimulation on recovery of hand sensation and function in stroke patients
A preliminary report desrcibing the sample size needed for a larger study investigating the use of FES (Microstim stimulator) in upper limb rehabilitation for CVA patients. -
Does prior use of an Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) effect the response to use of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator in chronic stroke patients? (Conference abstract)
This study indicated that both groups (those who had used AFOs prior to FES and those who had not used an AFO before using FES) responded well to FES. The non AFO users may have shown more long term ... -
The Effects of the Odstock Drop Foot Stimulator on Perceived Quality of Life for People With Stroke and Multiple Sclerosis (Journal abstract)
This study demonstrated that both MS and CVA patients who use the ODFS demonstrated an increase in quality of life measured using PIADS (psychological impact of assistive devices). While there was an overall increase in walking speed when FES was used, there was ... -
Correction of bilateral dropped foot using the Odstock 2 Channel Stimulator (O2CHS) (Conference publication)
This study describes the clinical effect of using the O2CHSII for bilateral dropped foot correction. Statistically significant increases in walking speed and reduction of effort were recorded when FES was used in a variety of patient groups. -
The use of electrical stimulation for correction of dropped foot in subjects with upper motor neuron lesions
This article published in “Advances in clinical neuroscience and rehabilitation” gives an overview of the use of FES for the correction of drop foot. It includes early research and clinical development of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator. -
The combined effect of dynamic splinting and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in reducing wrist and elbow contractures in six children with Cerebral Palsy (Journal abstract)
The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of applying the combination of Dynamic splinting (DS) and Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in order to improve wrist and elbow function, and range of motion, in children with upper limb contractures due to ... -
Impact on activities of daily living using a functional electrical stimulation device to improve dropped foot in people with multiple sclerosis, measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (Journal abstract)
This randomised controlled trial with people with secondary progressive MS demonstrated that use of FES improved activities of daily living (as measured by the COPM) and gave a reduction in the number of falls. No significant changes were seen in the ... -
Using the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator: Users and Partner’s Perspectives (Conference abstract)
This qualitative study examined the opinions of users of the ODFS and their partners. The study indicated a significant impact on the life of ODFS users and carers. -
The effect of combined use of Botulinum Toxin Type A and Functional Electrical Stimulation in the treatment of spastic drop foot after stroke: A preliminary investigation (Journal abstract)
This study looked at the effect of combining the use of the ODFS® with Botulinum Toxin to reduce the spasticity in the calf in 21 stroke patients. A significant improvement in walking speed was seen. The full article is ... -
Does the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure determine if the Odstock drop foot stimulator improves activities of daily living for people with Multiple Sclerosis? (Conference abstract)
A preliminary report of an RCT comparing FES and physiotherapy in MS patients. This publication particularly focuses on the affect on activities of daily living. -
Improvement in hand function and sensation in chronic stroke patients following electrical stimulation exercises: A pilot study
This study demonstrated the effect of exercising wrist and finger extensors in people who have had a stroke using the Microstim 2 exercise stimulator. An increase in hand function was demonstrated using the Jebsen Taylor hand function test. Also an improvement in hand ... -
Is transcutaneous peroneal stimulation beneficial to patients with chronic stroke using an ankle-foot orthosis? A within-subjects study of patients’ satisfaction, walking speed and physical activity level (Journal abstract)
A study comparing FES and AFO splints with 26 people who had a stroke. While no differences in walking performance were measured participants preferred walking with FES stating that it improved the stability of the effected side in weight bearing. Both devices had ... -
Therapeutic Effect of an Implantable Peroneal Nerve Stimulator in Subjects With Chronic Stroke and Footdrop: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Journal abstract)
This RCT compared the implantable drop foot stimulator (STIMuSTEP) to normal walking device (AFO, walking aid etc) in CVA patients. The outcomes included root mean square of tibialis anterior and peronei muscles as well as walking speed. There was no improvement ... -
The efficacy of Functional Electrical Stimulation in improving walking ability for people with Multiple Sclerosis (Conference publication)
A summary of the early clinical experience of using the ODFS and O2CHSII with people with MS in Salisbury. Analysis of this patient group showed improvement in orthotic effect whilst using FES and a reduction in effort (measured by the ... -
Restoration of tetraplegic hand function by use of the NeuroControl Freehand System (Journal abstract)
This paper describes the clinical and surgical implementation of the Freehand system to assist tetraplegic patients with hand function. This article is published in Journal of Hand Surg Br. 2001 Oct;26(5):459-64. -
Relation between abnormal patterns of muscle activation and response to common peroneal nerve stimulation in hemiplegia (Journal abstract)
This paper examined the effects of different presentations of spasticity on the response to the ODFS during gait. FES was more beneficial to those who demonstrated a higher level of spasticity, this is thought to be due to reciprical inhibition. ... -
Pattern of use and user satisfaction of Neuro Control Freehand System (Journal abstract)
A questionnaire based study of users of the Freehand upper limb implanted electrical stimulation system. This device restores lateral and palmar grasp for C5/6 tetraplegics. The report shows how the device was used and gives the opinions of patients with a&... -
Optimising two channel stimulation to improve walking following stroke (Conference publication)
This study looked at the effect of combining dropped foot correction with hamstring stimulation or calf stimulation using a two-channel stimulator in CVA patients. Both set-ups resulted in improvements in walking speed and PCI. -
Neuroprosthetic effect of peroneal nerve stimulation in multiple sclerosis: a preliminary study (Journal abstract)
This preliminary study looked at using FES in MS patients during gait related tasks. The full article is published in Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2009 Feb;90(2):362-5. -
Electrical stimulation exercises in the upper limb
A description of the clinical techniques used in the FES clinic for training upper limb function following stroke (CVA) and spinal cord injury (SCI). This includes pictures to help with electrode placement and desribes using the microstim exercise stimulator and the ... -
The Case for FES
A summary of the published evidence for using the ODFS. The article summarises the Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT’s), case series and economic evaluations (QALY and cost benefit) for using the ODFS for correction of drop foot. It also ... -
ODFS Reference list
A list of research references for the ODFS, STIMuSTEP and other FES dropped foot stimulators. This list is updated regularly. -
How long do people use the ODFS for? (Conference abstract)
This audit looked at all ODFS users who started using the device in 1999 or 2004. The study shows that the average time the ODFS was used for was about 5 years. 26% of ODFS users were still using the device in 2010. The ODFS is ... -
The Patient’s Perspective of FES
One of our patients with familial spastic paraplegis (FSP/HSP) describes his experience of using functional electrical stimulation to assist his walking. He also recounts being a course volunteer on one of our FES courses. This patient has experience ... -
Restoration of gait and motor recovery by functional electrical stimulation therapy in persons with stroke (Journal abstract)
This study investigated the use of electrical stimulation in sub-acute stroke patients. Both the control and FES group received conventional therapy. Improvements in walking speed and other gait parameters were shown in the FES group. The full article&... -
Apparatus to simultaneously measure fourteen isometric leg joint moments. Part 2: Multi-Moment Chair System
This paper describes a device designed to measure the force produced in the legs. The device was made for recording the forces produced from use of the LARSI system; an implanted device for lower limb FES in SCI. -
Clinical Use of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator. Its Effect on the Speed and Effort of Walking (Journal abstract)
This paper was the the first to show a statistically significant training effect from the use of FES for the correction of dropped foot in people who have had a stroke. The paper describes the results from 151 people with stroke, MS or SCI ... -
Patients’ Perceptions of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator (ODFS) (Journal abstract)
This qualitative study looked at patients’ perceptions of using FES. A questionnaire was sent out to current and old patients asking them why they used FES and any reasons for discontinuing. The full article is published in ... -
Different muscle activation patterns, identified during walking, in people with spastic drop foot (Conference abstract)
This paper describes how spasticity in the calf muscles can be exhibited in different ways in stroke patients. FES can be used in the presence of multiple presentations of spasticity. -
A portable system for closed loop control of the paralysed hand using functional electrical stimulation (Journal abstract)
An introduction to an upper limb electrical stimulation system designed to improve hand function for people with C5/6 tetraplegia. This article is published in Medical Engineering and Physics 20 (1998) 70-76. -
The effect of common peroneal nerve stimulation on quadriceps spasticity in hemiplegia (Journal abstract)
This paper describes results from the original randomised controlled trial (RCT) in stroke patients that showed the FES users received a reduction in quadriceps spasticity that was not seen in the control group. The full article is ... -
Therapeutic effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation in the upper limb of children with Cerebral Palsy (Conference abstract)
This study used electrical stimulation exercises to strengthen wrist extensors in children who had cerebral palsy. Improvements in wrist extension range of motion were found after 6 weeks of intervention and the improvement was maintained 6 weeks after stimulation stopped. -
An investigation into the relationship between types of muscle dysfunction and response to common peroneal nerve stimulation (Conference abstract)
This paper describes how drop foot can be due to paralysis in the dorsiflexor group, over activity in the calf muscles due to spasticity or inappropriate timing of muscle activity. -
Analysis used in determining a measure for spasticity in the calf muscles in stroke patients (Conference publication)
This paper describes the method used to analyse the EMG activity from the calf and dorsiflexor muscle groups and how it was used to define the different types of dysfunction that resulted in dropped foot. -
Clinical results of a preliminary investigation into the use of two channel stimulation to improve the quality of walking of patients with established hemiplegia (Conference abstract)
The Compustim 2B was a predecessor to the O2CHS FES device. This paper describes initial experience of its use to stimulate common peroneal nerve with either hamstrings, calf or triceps muscles and bilateral drop foot. Use of the device produced significant ... -
The effects of common peroneal stimulation on the effort and speed of walking. A randomised controlled trial with chronic hemiplegic patients (Journal abstract)
This article summarises the original randomised control trial (RCT) in stroke patients for the ODFS. This study was the first RCT of any FES device and showed significant improvements in walking speed and reduction in PCI (effort) when the ODFS was used.&... -
Sensory Amplification By Cutaneous Electrical Stimulation For Retraining Proprioception
This paper describes a system for retraining upper limb sensory function following stroke, specifically in the hand. In this case study, improvements were shown in both sensation and motor function. -
Provision of a clinical service for the correction of dropped foot (Conference publication)
A detailed narrative of how the FES service at Odstock, Salisbury started. -
Multi Moment Chair System to measure isometric moments in the paraplegic lower limb – improvements to the original design
Development of a test device to assess the effect of the LARSI device. -
A clinical controlled trial of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator (ODFS) for the correction of dropped foot in chronic stroke (Conference publication)
This article gives the results of the gait analysis performed as part of the original randomised control trial of the ODFS in chronic stroke. The analysis showed that people walking with the ODFS walked faster, more efficiently, took longer strides and improved the ... -
Limb Blood Flow, Cardiac Output and Quadriceps Muscle bulk Following Spinal Cord Injury And The Effect Of Training For The Odstock Functional Electrical Stimulation Standing System (Journal abstract)
This paper describes the effect of training the quadriceps muscles using electrical stimulation in preparation for the Odstock Standing System. The study shows the course of muscle atrophy and reduced peripheral circulation following SCI and shows that muscle thickness and limb blood flow ...
Case Studies
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Effect of Drop Foot Stimulation On Proximal Kinematics
This presentation looked at two case studies whereby the proximal effects of drop foot stimulation had been analysed in a gait lab. This was presented at the FES User Day in Sheffield on the 26th June 2014. -
Skin Irritation Case Study part 1 October 2012
This is an article that shows the initial management of a patient with acute skin irritation, which developed soon after commencing an FES programme for drop foot. -
FES successfully facilitates gait re-education post hip replacement- two case studies
This newsletter article describes 2 patients who used FES over the hip abductors post THR to improve gait rehabilitation. -
Case Study Part 2 – Patient with Brown-Sequard Syndrome
This article continues the story of a patient with Brown-Sequard Syndrome secondary to spinal stenosis. He uses a two-channel FES device correcting his drop foot and assisting with knee extension in stance. This article includes pictures and videos from the ...
Clinical Guidelines
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Upper limb video and SIGN guidelines
This article links to videos showing upper limb electrode placement around the shoulder and upper arm and also links to The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), document which recommends the use of electrical stimulation in stroke patients, at risk of developing shoulder subluxation. -
How to access FES (MS Society publication)
This is an excellent publication by the MS society that provides good background information and lots of practical advice that can be useful for any patient who is trying to get funding for FES treatment. Although this publication was produced for the benefit ... -
The DEC report: Report to the Development Evaluation Committee. Common peroneal stimulation for the correction of drop-foot
This report was presented to the South and West Regional Health Authority Development and Evaluation Committee in 1996. The report contained a QALY analysis of the ODFS using data collected in the original randomised controlled trial of stroke patients (Burridge 1997) and additional data collected ...
Clinical Advice
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Use of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for chronic constipation & People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS)
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Upper Limb FES positions From Birmingham Clinic April 2017 FES User Day
FES Userday 2017 A selection of upper limb electrode positions -
Upper limb tips and tricks
FES Userday April 2017 Presentation slides showing the standard treatment pathways and stimulation techniques for upper limb therapies. -
The use of electrical stimulation to aid stretching of the long finger flexors.
A useful tip on how to use electrical stimulation to aid a stretch of the long finger flexors. -
Upper limb probe stimulation
This article includes pictures and notes on how to use the probe to stimulate nerves and motor points in the forearm and the hand. -
Upper Limb Service Queen Mary’s Hospital, London
This presentation was part of the Upper Limb workshop that took place on a User Day. This presentation outlines the service provision at Queen’s Mary Hospital, the service pathway, outcome measures used and the limitations within the service. -
Swansea FES service: recent developments and outcome measures
This presentation describes the development of the FES service in Swansea. It also describes the outcome measures used, including speed and PCI over 10metres and patient surveys. The RS scan and Silicaon Coach are also introduced and may be used in gathering ... -
Referral Criteria and contraindications for FES
This article describes the referral criteria and contraindications for people wishing to receive FES treatment at OML. -
Using the ODFS as part of physiotherapy
The ODFS is not only a practical everyday mobility aid but is also a useful tool in the physio gym. This article describes how functional electrical stimulation by using the ODFS can be used in gait re-education following stroke, iSCI ... -
Salisbury FES service- iFESs FES Workshop Korea 2009
A summary of a workshop given at the 2009 IFESS meeting in Korea. The talk gave a practical description of the clinical FES treatments provided in Salisbury including FES in gait (ODFS III, two-channel, STIMuSTEP) and upper limb rehabilitation (including the REaCH stimultor). -
Full referral criteria and clinical pathway
A summary document providing all the essential information for clinicians making a referral for FES treatment. An introduction is given to FES and the main research evidence described. The referral criteria and clinical procedures are then described for both FES for walking and upper ... -
Splinting and FES in the upper limb
This article briefly discusses the use of splinting to assist upper limb electrical stimulation and covers some examples used in Salisbury. Splints were mainly used around the hand, although a small number of elbow drop-out casts were also used.